![]() ![]() Sapiens apart were our heads–our prefrontal cortex gave us new abilities to think and organize ourselves, while our vocal tract and tongue brought a leap in modern human speech. Sapiens). By the end of the Ice Age, all Homo species had become extinct, except for H. Transition 5: Birth of modern Homo Sapiens ( H.Generally, we developed even bigger brains, bred faster, became fatter, and matured slower. Transition 4: Spread of Hunter-Gatherers. During the Ice Age, Hominins continued to spread across the globe, and several sub-species of Archaic Humans emerged.Get a copy of the book for the full details! This combination of behaviours was unique to the human genus–they shaped the ongoing evolution of our bodies, improved the efficiency of food digestion, and increased the amount of calories we could absorb. They started to consume meat, cooperate, make tools and process food. Transition 3: The First Hunter-Gatherers. At the dawn of the Ice Age about 2-3 million years ago, when food became even more scarce, the first hunter-gatherers emerged.While they were still suited to climb trees, Australopiths started to dig for underground tubers, bulbs and roots, like potatoes and ginger, which gave them an additional food-source that was rich in water, starch and nutrients. Transition 2: Australopiths. About 4 million years ago, the Australopiths emerged.Standing on 2 feet allowed us to forage better for fruits and save energy while traveling to find new food sources. Till today, we’re still the only non-feathered species moving on 2 legs. Transition 1: From Apes to Bipeds. This was the biggest evolutionary step that set homonins (a subset of the apes species) apart from Chimps and Gorillas, and was probably necessitated by major climate change and the need to find increasingly-scarce food.In a nutshell, there were probably 5 key transitions in our biological evolution: In the book, Liberman explains the concept of evolution, and how modern humans ( Homo Sapiens) evolved from apes. Let’s take a quick look at the 2 types of evolution and how they interact. Cultural/societal changes shape the way we live and use our bodies, and affects how our bodies continue to evolve. The choices we make today will determine the future of mankind. Evolution is an ongoing process of change, rather than just a study of the past. ![]() Lieberman approach to evolution is built on 2 important perspectives: In this summary, we’ll outline the key ideas in the book, including an overview of (a) our biological evolution and how we came to have our present bodies, (b) our cultural evolution and how it transformed the way we live, and (c) why the mismatch between the 2 evolutions has caused many of our modern-day diseases.įor more details, do check out our complete book summary bundle in text, graphic and audio formats. Liberman advocates that we should understand our bodies using an evolutionary perspective, so we can develop more effective strategies to prevent and address these diseases. In this summary of The Story of the Human Body by Daniel Liberman, we’ll share some powerful insights into this problem. In the USA alone, more than $2 trillion is spent on healthcare annually, when 70% of the illnesses are preventable. Yet, we are getting sick from preventable diseases like osteoporosis, depression, allergies, cancer etc. Today, we’re healthier than ever before in human history-we have higher life expectancy, less malnutrition, and have removed threats from diseases like smallpox, measles and the plague (which used to kill masses of people). ![]()
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